Improvement in dovetailing-iviachines



v -3'Sh1mts--Sheet1; .l. H. SEYMDUR.

Dovetailing-Machines; No.148,855. Patented March24,1874.

L 11mm! 3Sheets--Sheet2. l. M. SEYMOUR.

Dovetailing-Machines. 940,148,855, Patented March 24, 1874.

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3Sheets- -Sheet3.

3. M. SEYMOUR. Dovetailing-Machines.

Patented March 24,1874.

UNITE STATES- ATE Qrrron.

JAMES M. SEYMOUR, ()F NEl/VARK, NEWV JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN DOV ETAlLING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 148,855, dated March 24, 1874; application filed January 3, 1874.

' To all whom it may concern:

' of the parts of the machine that produce the results, as will be fully hereinafter described.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the supports of the machine and some of its parts; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Figs. 3, el, and 5 details of parts; and Fl 6, a modification.

A represents the pedestal-support of the actuatin g parts of the machine. A represents a vertical guideway in the pedestal A, in which a vertically-reciprocating bed or base-plate, B, is made to freely slide vertically thereon, and have a horizontally-reciprocating bed-plate, B, freely sliding therein. B is a partially rotating or tipping table, secured to the sliding bed-plate B, so as to freely rock or tip to the desired angle from a horizontal position, transversely. B B are adjustable guides on the table B, and have the projections or stops I) b at their forward ends, so that when the guides are properly adjusted the projection will have the end of the stile bearing against it, and thus secure the end of the stile to be at the center point, or dead-center, and determine the depth of cut in the meeting rail. 1) I) are set or holding screws,to hold the guides B in place when adjusted to their right position 011 the table B. b is a transverse groove in the top of table B, in which a projection on the under side of the guides B slide, in order to keep the guides in proper position longitudinally, when they are being adjusted lat-- erally on the table B. Table B is made to rock or tip upon its bed-plate by means of trunnions 1) bearing in the half-round bearings b in the raised ends of the horizontally-sliding bedB, andtherocking or tipping of thetable B is controlled and limited by the temper-screws b b that are attached to the bed-plate B. b b are holding-screws in the vertically-sliding bed B, to hold the horizontally-sliding bedplate B in its proper position. b is a holding-screw in the vertical guideway of the pedestal A, to hold the vertically-sliding bed B stationary, when desired. a is a treadle pivoted at a to fulcrum-stand a, that is fast 011 the pedestal A. a is a cord or flexible band attached at one end to treadle a, while the other end goes around a segment of a lever-pulley, a, and is made fast to the upper side thereof. At the other end of the segmental lever pulley, and on the top side, is a flexible strap, a that extends downward, and is made fast to the lower end of arm a. of the vertically-sliding bed B. Segmental lever-pulley a is pivoted at a to axle a that is made fast to the pedestal-support A, and upon which axle the leverpulley rocks. a is a spring attached to the lower end of arm a. a is a pin in the pedestal A, to secure the lower end of spring a, so that the spring will cause the bed B and its table, when raised by the treadle, to return to its position of rest upon the stop a that is in the pedestal A, and on which the under side of the upright part .of bed B strikes, as seen in Fig. 2, and holds the bed from falling. The horizontally sliding bed B has an adjustable stop on its under side, so that it can be adjusted to strike against the end of bed B, and prevent the bed B and the table B from ever going too far toward the saw. In order to rock or tip the table B, with the sash-piece thereon, to saw the dovetail mortise or tenon, a lever spring-catch, (l, is made fast to bed B, and its notch or catch c so made in it that when the table is horizontal the catch will hold it in such position. 0 is a spring, bearing against the back of the lever-catch to force it hard in contact with the edge of table B, and so that when the table is in ahorizontal position the notch in the lever will catch and hold it in such position until it is necessary to tip it again, when the lever is pressed over against the spring, and the table is relieved from the catch, and it can be rocked over until it strikes the temper-screw I2 On each end of the bed B is a perpendicular line, 0, that passes on the ends and upward in the center of the trunnions or journals b of table 13 when the table B is in a horizontal position, and intersects a dead-center line, c. ,-on the top of said tipping table 13 a; is an index-pointer, so placed in the tipping table that by tipping the table over it will accurately indicate on the graduated scale 00 the angle at which the table is inclined, and thereby give the exact angle of one side of the dovelarged on the bottom of the piece acted upon by tipping the table, and it may be necessary to so construct the tipping table when it is necessary to enlarge the cut on the bottom of the piece; but, as a rule, the center line on the top of the table should be at the point of no motion in. the tipping of the table. The bed-plate B, with the tipping table B, its guide and adjustments, is used, in connection with a saw or cutter, to cut a rabbet on one side and a dovetail mortise near the center and on the ends of meeting rails of sash, and to cut the stiles. To fit the rails, the bedplate 13 and tipping table B are removed, and a secondary bed-plate, D, having upon it a horizontally-swinging table, D, and an adjustable gage or guide, D, with stop or pro jection d on its forward end, is substituted or put in the place of bed-plate B. The swinging table D is constructed so as to swing and work on a dovetail turn-table, d, that is concentric with a half-circle, (1, cut out of the forward end of the bed-plate D, as seen in Figs. 3 and 4. Upon the top and under the bed D of the table D are center lines 0, the same as on the top of table B, that terminate upon intersection with the half-circle d in the front end of the bed D and swinging table D, and have an imaginary center point at \V, as at Fig. 3, from which point the table swings and the center line 0! of table D radiates when the table is vibrated to the right or left. The saw or cutter, in making its out, always passes through this imaginary dead-center, and so as not to interfere with the tables in sawing or cutting dovetails; and the center line on the top of table D, if projected forward, would intersect the dead-center point WV, and is used to assist in placing the stile properly upon the table. Table D has an adjustable guide or gage, D, therein, having the projection d at its forward end, and is adjusted horizontally and laterally by means of the dovetail groove (1 and tenon (l and held by the screw (1 so that the stile or material to be wrought may be of different widths, and have the cutter act at any desired point upon the same, and to bring the end of the stile to be cut on a line with the imaginary dead-center at W. E is an adjustable chip-breaker, set into and flush with the top of the swinging or vibrating table, and is adjusted by moving it back or forward in its seat, and, when moved to or near to where the cut of the saw would terminate, it is made fast to the table by the holdingscrew 0, working in the slot in the breaker, and screwing into the table. This chipbreaker is moved and kept close to the terminal cut of the saw, whether the saw cuts deep or shallow, and will then prevent the wood on the under side of the stile or rail from being broken farther than the cut of the saw extends, as the chip-breaker sustains the wood and prevents the tearing of it beyond where the stile or rail bears upon it. bration of the rear end of table D is regulated by temper-screws dd t-h at pass through pendants at the rear end of the table, and, as it vibrates in one direction, one of the screws (1* will strike the side of the bed and prevent any further vibration in that direction, and, when vibrated in the other direction, the screw (1* on the opposite side will strike the bed in the same manner, and thus regulate the vibration. E is an adjustable stop on the under side of the bed-plate D, to regulate the distance at which the swinging or vibrating table shall be reeiprocated toward the saw and prevent the table from advancin Upon the bed-plate B is a graduated scale, F, and attached to the side of the vibrating table D is an adjustable indicator, F, in which is a slot and a holdingscrew, f. This indicator is made adjustable, to compensate for the wear of the saw, as, in setting the table, it must be adjusted so that it will point at O, or the starting-point on the scale, when the center TV will be on a line with and at the commencement of the cut of the saw.

A modification of this table for cutting the mortises 011 the meeting rails is seen in Fig. (i, where 1 represents the sliding table, that may be adjusted in the same manner in its reciproeations, as described, with the tipping table, in limiting its reciproeations, and on which there is an adjustable table, 2, adjusted by the temper-screws 3 3 to the height to suit the thickness of stuff to be cut or mortised, and present the center of the mortise to be coincident with the de'ad-center 4: 0n the center line of the cut of the saw or cutter. The adjustable table 2 is fixed in a circular table, 5, that rocks around the imaginary center or axis 4, and, when moved to such angle with regard to the center 4 or line of cut of the saw, it is fixed in such position, when the angular or dovetail side 6 of the mortise will be out. In this modification the saw or cuttershafts 7 would be vertical, and the saw or cutter 8 would be horizontal and cut on the line 9, through the center at.

E is an adjustable wabbling saw or cutter on horizontal mandrel E, with a screw-thread cut thereon and a longitudinal groove, i, on one side in the screw-thread. This saw or cutter has wedge-shaped washers e bolted fast to the saw and around the eye thereof, and so that The vithe extreme thickest part of the washer 011 one side of the saw will be coincident with or op-- posite to the thinnest part of the wedged washer on the opposite side of the saw. 6 e are loose wedge-shaped washers, with an eye in the center, easily to slide over the screw-thread on the mandrel, on one side of each of these wedgeshaped washers e, which has the same inclination on one side that the fast washers e have. and so that the outside of these washers will be at right angles with the axis of the mandrel. These washers e have a feather that slides in the longitudinal grooves i,which holds them from turning around the mandrel; consequently they never change their relative position on the mandrel. I I are screw-nuts that screw onto the mandrel on each side of the saw and washers, and when the saw is adjusted on the mandrelhorizontally the screw-nuts I are turned hard up and hold all fast in place. The saw or cutter E has a knife-edge in the center of its thickness, at the eye, which allows it to turn to an angle without enlarging the eye, and this edge rests upon a loose sleeve that slides over the screw-thread on the mandrel, and is as long, or about as long, as the saw-and the washers e are in thickness. By this construction the saw or cutter can be adjusted to have no inclination or wabble, or it can be made to have such inclination as the sum of the wedged washers would give by turning the saw with the wedge-shaped washers 0, while washers e do not move with the saw, and at the same timeit can be moved horizontally upon its mandrel without disturbing the angle at which the saw or cutter is set, which is a great ad vantage in the making of dovetail joints in sash and other things. The saw-mandrel E can be adjusted on its center of length on the arm D", in which the mandrel is supported in its journal-box, to be out of horizontal line, so that the angularity of the saw with relation to the material to be acted upon can be more or less as may be desired by having the arm I) have a central pivot-pin, g, entering into a hole, g, in the support A, and so that as the mandrel is raised or lowered at the saw end, the arm D X will turn upon the center-pin g, and in the arm D are holding-screws g g, that go through the concentric slots 9 9 into the support, and hold the mandrel in such adjusted position as may be desired, and as seen in Figs. 7 and 8.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

1. In a machine for making dovetail joints in sash the combination of the reciprocating bed B with the tipping table B, having its dead-center or center of rotation, o substan tially as and for the purpose described.

2. The tipping table B, having the center 1:, adjustable guides or gages B in combination with the horizontally-reciprocating bed B, having temper-screws b substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. In a machine for dovetailing the joints in sash, the lever-catch 0, having notch c and spring 0, in combination with the tipping table B, and reciprocating table B, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. The gage or guide D, having projection cl at its forward end, in combination with the swinging or vibrating table D, and arranged with relation to the center IV and eenter line 0, as described.

5. In a machine for making dovetail joints in sash, the combination of the tipping table B, the horizontally-reciproeating bed-plate B,

and the vertically-sliding bed B, substantially as described.

6. The sliding bed-plate B, carrying tipping table B, and having the stop-plate E, in combination with the vertically-sliding bed or base B, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. The adjustable arbor or mandrel arm D carrying the wabbling saw or cutter E, in combination with the tipping table B and vertically-sliding bed B, substantially as and for the purpose described.

8. The vibrating or swinging table D, having its axis or dead-center at point IV, in combination with the saw or cutter E, substantially as described.

9. The combination of the vibrating or swinging table D, having the line 0 and adjustable guide D thereon,- with the wabbling saw or cutter E, substantially as described.

10. The combination of the adjustable chipbreaker E with the swinging table D, sliding bed B, and saw or cutter E, as and for the purposes described.

11. In a machine for making dovetail joints in sash, the verticallysliding bed B, having the graduated scale F thereon, the horizontallyreciprocating bed D, having adjustable stop E thereon, in combination with the swinging or vibrating table I), having the adjustable indicator or pointer F, substantially as and for the purposes described.

12. In a machine for making dovetail joints in sash, the combination of a vertically-sliding bed, B, horizontally-reciprocating bed D, swinging table D, with a wabbling saw or cutter, E, substantially as and for the purpose described.

13. The adjustable guidesor gages B having the projections 11 thereon, in combination with the tipping table B, reciprocating table B, and sliding bed B, and saw or cutter E, substantially as described.

JAS. M. SEYMOUR.

Witnesses:

MONROE H. KING, ALBERT F. HALL. 

